Coal community field photograph
ARCINQUIRY
FIELD NOTEBOOK · NO. 01
SHANXI INDUSTRIAL LANDSCAPE SURVEY · 2026

Riding Through
Lost Communities

Notes from a bicycle journey through coal-mining settlements, industrial remains and communities living through transition.

LOCATION Datong · Yungang Mining Belt
METHOD Bicycle · Archive · Observation
FILE STATUS Ongoing Research
FIELD FILE 01
01 / WHY THIS LANDSCAPE

A coal mine
was never only
a place of extraction.

INDUSTRY / FAMILY / HOUSING / MOVEMENT

For generations, mining shaped not only employment, but the geography of everyday life.

Housing compounds, schools, bathhouses, clinics, canteens, repair shops and railway sidings developed around the same industrial system.

The distance between home and work could often be measured in minutes. Children attended schools serving mining families. Stores depended on miners, truck drivers and the constant circulation of coal.

When production systems changed through consolidation, mechanization, environmental regulation and migration, these communities did not simply disappear. They entered a slower and more complicated transition.

This inquiry therefore documents not only ruined infrastructure, but the spaces where ordinary life continues after industry changes its role.

POPULATION REFERENCE 29,697 Jinhuagong
POPULATION REFERENCE 23,705 Meiyukou
POPULATION REFERENCE 30,893 Kouquan
POPULATION REFERENCE 22,133 Silaogou
Historical population figures are retained as working reference points for understanding the former scale of mining communities.
02 / CHRONOLOGY

Notes toward a history of the coal landscape.

The transformation of a mining community does not happen at one moment. Production, labor, housing, policy, transport and memory change at different speeds.

1950s

Expansion of work-unit communities

Mining enterprises increasingly organized housing, education, healthcare and public services alongside industrial production.

1970s–90s

The coal economy shapes everyday movement

Miners, trains, trucks, shops and family compounds formed a dense landscape in which production and domestic life overlapped.

1999

Jin Hua Gong enters the photographic archive

Photographs record shafts, coal bunkers, sidings, workers and industrial alleys, preserving a detailed view of the operating landscape.

2000s

Restructuring and consolidation

Older mining systems faced stronger regulation, consolidation and technological change, altering employment and surrounding communities.

TODAY

Several landscapes occupy the same ground

Production, residential life, industrial heritage, ecological repair and tourism now coexist within the wider mining region.

03 / FIELD MAP

Cycling through the coal corridor

The map functions like a field-survey plate: each numbered stop connects geography with historical context, present conditions and observations made along the route.

MAP SHEET 03-A DATONG / YUNGANG SCALE · REGIONAL
INDUSTRIAL COMMUNITY CYCLING INQUIRY
04 / PHOTOGRAPHIC RECORD

Archive / Field

Images from Jin Hua Gong Mine in 1999 are placed beside contemporary field photographs. The pairings are thematic rather than exact repeat-photography positions.

ORIGINAL RECORD 1999
FIELD RECORD 2026
Historical archive photographs: Peter Van den Bossche · Jin Hua Gong Mine · Datong, Shanxi · 18 October 1999 · CC BY-SA 2.0.
05 / COMMUNITY NOTES

The mine is not the only thing that disappears.

Industrial decline is often visible first in ordinary distances, routines and shared spaces.

NOTE 01

Distance to work

Employment once located within walking distance may move to another industrial area or another city.

NOTE 02

Places of growing up

Schools lose students and younger families leave, turning migration into a generational pattern.

NOTE 03

Local services

Restaurants, repair shops and small stores register changes in traffic before industrial buildings vanish.

NOTE 04

Shared spaces

Cinemas, bathhouses or public squares can survive physically while losing their former social role.

06 / FIELD PLATES

Notes made at bicycle speed

Cycling slows the landscape down enough for overlooked fragments to become visible: walls, abandoned structures, roads, industrial remains and ordinary community space.

Field record
PLATE 06-01 · ROAD / FIELD RECORD
Community wall
PLATE 06-02 · COMMUNITY
Industrial structure
PLATE 06-03 · INDUSTRIAL TRACE
Community edge
PLATE 06-04 · COMMUNITY EDGE
Industrial remains
PLATE 06-05 · REMAINS / LANDSCAPE
07 / AFTER EXTRACTION
RE-USED SITE

From extraction site to visitor landscape

Industrial decline does not always end in abandonment. Some former mining spaces acquire a second public life as museums, educational sites, heritage landscapes and tourism destinations.

Jin Hua Gong Mine historical photograph
INDUSTRIAL RECORD · 1999
Jin Hua Gong Mine · active industrial landscape
EXTRACTION
→
INTERPRETATION
Jinhuagong National Mine Park
VISITOR LANDSCAPE
Jinhuagong National Mine Park · public heritage landscape
CASE FILE / JINHUAGONG

The mine becomes something visitors can read.

Jinhuagong National Mining Park represents a different phase in the life of an industrial landscape. Mining infrastructure becomes part of a public interpretation system rather than disappearing completely.

Industrial remains are combined with the Datong Coal Mine Museum, underground mine experiences, environmental improvement and ecological recovery.

Shafts can become interpretive spaces. Machinery becomes historical evidence. Mining geology becomes part of an educational experience.

PARK AREA 360,000 m²
FROM CENTRAL DATONG 12.5 km west
UNDERGROUND EXPERIENCE 300 m below ground
STUDY ROUTES 12 reported routes
Datong Coal Museum
VII-A
A public institution Mining history is reorganized into a museum that introduces coal geology, technology and regional industrial development. REFERENCE IMAGE · DATONG COAL MUSEUM
Underground mining experience
VII-B
Underground becomes accessible Former mining environments are transformed into educational spaces where visitors encounter equipment and reconstructed working scenes. REFERENCE IMAGE · PEOPLE.CN
Mining park heritage landscape
VII-C
Coal becomes memory Coal is no longer presented only as a commodity. It becomes a material through which Datong's industrial identity is narrated. REFERENCE IMAGE · JINHUAGONG MINING PARK
CHANGE OF FUNCTION
01 Extraction

Production organizes land, infrastructure and employment.

02 Preservation

Selected shafts, buildings and machinery become historical evidence.

03 Interpretation

Exhibitions explain geology, labor and industrial history.

04 Tourism

Visitors enter landscapes once designed almost entirely for production.

05 New local economy?

Tourism can create new circulation, but does not automatically replace former mining employment.

FIELD QUESTION / 07
When a mine becomes a destination, whose version of its history gets preserved?
08 / VISITING NOTES

Visiting an industrial community is not the same as visiting a ruin.

These places remain lived environments. Tourism should not turn ordinary lives into scenery.

01

Begin with context

Museums and recognized heritage sites provide useful historical background before entering surrounding residential communities.

02

Stay on public routes

Working or abandoned industrial structures can contain collapse, water and access hazards.

03

Ask before photographing

A home, courtyard or resident is not automatically part of a public heritage exhibition.

04

Spend locally

Small restaurants, shops and guesthouses allow a visit to contribute to the places being documented.

09 / METHOD & SOURCES

An unfinished field handbook.

This page combines cycling observation, historical photography, spatial research, public records and contemporary images.

Future versions can incorporate GPS tracks, resident interviews, exact repeat photography, local gazetteers and verified demographic change.

The project does not treat abandoned or transformed mining places simply as visual curiosities. Its central subject is the relationship between industry, memory and community.

ARCHIVE FILES
Peter Van den Bossche · Jin Hua Gong Mine · Datong · 18 October 1999 · CC BY-SA 2.0

TRANSFORMATION CASE
Jinhuagong National Mining Park · industrial heritage preservation · mine tourism · environmental renewal · study travel